1041中国循环杂志 2021 年 11 月 第 36 卷 第 11 期（总第 281 期）Chinese Circulation Journal，November，2021，Vol. 36 No.11（Serial No.281）
摘要
近年来，我国在心血管疾病防控、治疗、科研和技术应用等方面取得了长足进步，但医疗服务能力和质量安全
仍面临挑战：（1）心血管病医疗资源总量不断增长，已达到或接近发达国家水平，但配置不均的情况依然存在；（2）先
进诊疗技术快速推广，但机构间应用规模和患者预后差异明显，对质量监管提出新要求；（3）部分疾病的诊疗流程持
续改善，但距离质量改进目标和国际先进水平仍有明显差距，且有待应用到其他领域和基层医院；（4）院内死亡率等
处于较低水平，但异质性依然突出，且需要引入非医嘱离院和再住院等全面评价。总的来说，心血管病医疗质量控
制与改进工作任重道远，需要从工作组织体系、监测评价机制、改进干预行动等方面扎实推进，以持续改进医疗质
量安全，提升医疗服务同质化，增强患者就医获得感。
关键词 心血管疾病；医疗资源；医疗服务能力；医疗质量；质控指标
2021 Medical Quality Report of Cardiovascular Diseases in China: an Executive Summary
National Center for Cardiovascular Quality Improvement.
Co-corresponding Author: HU Shengshou, Email: huss@fuwaihospital.org; ZHENG Zhe, Email: zhengzhe@fuwai.com
《2021 年中国心血管病医疗质量报告》概要
国家心血管病医疗质量控制中心
特别报告
通信作者：胡盛寿 Email: huss@fuwaihospital.org；郑哲 Email: zhengzhe@fuwai.com
中图分类号：R54 文献标识码：C 文章编号：1000-3614（2021）11-1041-24 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3614.2021.11.001
Abstract
China has made great progress in cardiovascular disease prevention, treatment, scientific research, and technological
application in recent years, however, medical service capabilities and quality are still facing challenges: (1) Regional
configuration difference still exists when the total amount of cardiovascular disease medical resources have continued to
increase, which has been close to the developed countries; (2) Advanced diagnosis and treatment technology is rapidly
promoted, but the scale of application and patient prognosis between institutions are significantly different, requiring more
medical quality supervision; (3) The diagnosis and treatment process for some diseases continues to improve, but there is still
a long distance from the quality improvement target, which should be applied in other cardiovascular diseases, popularized in
primary hospitals; (4) Although the in-hospital mortality rate is low, the heterogeneity is significant. Non-doctoral discharge
and readmission treatment should be included as evaluation index. In general, there is a long way for medical quality control
and improvement of the cardiovascular diseases. For continuously improving the medical quality, the homogeneity of medical
services, and patient satisfaction, organization system, monitoring and evaluation mechanism, and quality intervention actions
need to be strengthened.
Key words cardiovascular disease; medical resources; medical service capabilities; medical quality; quality control indicators
(Chinese Circulation Journal, 2021, 36: 1041.)
医疗质量和医疗安全紧系广大人民群众的切身
利益，持续改进质量，保障医疗安全，是卫生健康
工作的重中之重，《“健康中国 2030”规划纲要 》明
确提出要“建立与国际接轨、体现中国特色的医疗
质量管理与控制体系 ”、“持续改进医疗质量和医疗
安全，提升医疗服务同质化程度 ”[1]。近年来，国
家卫生健康委员会不断加强医疗质量控制指标体
系、医疗质量监测评价体系建设，强调基于数据的
科学测量是医疗质量管理工作中不可或缺的要素 [2]，
2021 年初正式印发《心血管系统疾病相关专业医疗
质量控制指标（2021 年版 ）》[3]，为衡量心血管病诊
疗质量提供了重要依据。为全面、客观反映我国心
血管病医疗服务与医疗质量基本情况，国家心血管
病医疗质量控制中心牵头，首次编印了《2021 年中
